Brush



e 2 R QwY 8 O c E 9 T N I: W

2 m 8 N W Ru N, A

May 4 1926. Y W. GRUMBACHER BRUSH Filed Oct. 9, 1923 Patented May 4, 1926.

UNITED v s TAT ES WALTER. GBUMBAGHER, 0E NEW YORK, N; Y.

BRUSH.

Application, filed October 9, 1923. serial'N-o. 667,548:

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I", VVALTER GRUMBAGHER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brushes, of

which the followingis a specification;

This invention relates generally to brushes and more particularly to an; arrangement" whereby the parts of a brush can besoa'ssociated'that'not only is there av saving in cost of material and in the cost of manufacture but a more efficient and stronger brush is attained.

Brushes of the type to which this invention relates comprises generally what is known as a handle portion. by which the brush is to be gripped and manipulated and the brush end which serves asthe coating portion and which in my invention is made of bristles.

The brushes such as are employed by painters are generally provided with bristles that are relatively long and the'costof these bristles is dependent: among other things upon the length thereof" and'rany arrange ment whereby a shorter bristle may be employed without impairing the effi'ciency of the brush results in a reduction in cost out of proportion to the decrease in the length of the bristle employed; For instance in the brush which is illustrated in the present application and which is of a type employed by painters for applying coating compositions such as white wash and in which the bristles are between four and five inches in length, a variation of one-quarter of an inch in the length of a bristle results generally in a saving of twenty percent (20%) of the cost of such bristles.

Attempts have hitherto been made to employ shorter bristles by, having they handle member extend downwardly into the brush in the lower end of which handle extension aresupported the central group of bristles. This arrangement I have found defective for a number, of reasons of which the most important are the following: The handle extension must on the one hand extend downwardly within the outer group of bristles and must on the other hand receive and support the central group of bristles within the outlines thereof. as a result of" which the said handle extension must be made not only sufliciently strong to serve its function as handle, but it must beprovideth with a channel or cavity inits lower surf'ace within which'the central group of bristlesare received, the wall of which channel or cavity must be sufficiently rigid and resist antas to properly support the centraligroup of bristles. These factors necessarily introduce not only elements of 'weaknessbut also limit the number'ofbristles-which= form the central group and in addition limit to a minimum, variations in the relative size' of the two groups of bristles. In addition breakage of thehandle member oranything else which necessitates replacement thereof virtually amounts to a complete destruction" of the brush or requires a complete rebuilding of the bristle end thereof. Further-more, the-efficiency and the length of service of a brush of this character is dependent toa great extent upon the manner in whichthe bristlesare secured in position becausethe efliciency and the life of the brush is necessarily impaired if the bristles loosen when subject to wear and as a result; fallout of brush. Furthermore brushes of this characterin which the coating operation must be per-formed rapidly and: in which relatively extended areas must'be coatedina minimum] of time-and with a maximum of efliciency, there are certain factors in the brush construction which become essential'elements in the attainment of such results. Among these are the arrangement whereby a proper bale ance of the'brush is maintainedsothat the manipulation of the brush by means of the handle in a way peculiar to painters in-employing brushes such as white wash brushes does not produce-an increased effort on the: par-t of the wrist joint and on the part of the gripping portions of thehand andtherefore, does not unduly fatigue and tire the fingen Furthermore, some objects are ob tained by such a construction of the bristle end as will on the one hand permit it to. carry a maximum amount of'coating mate rial and which on the other hand will spread this coating material over the surface not only in a unifo-rinmanner but also of just that character of thickness which. isv desired.

Among the more important objects of; my invention therefore-are: the provision of an arrangement for supporting central bristles of the brush so that such bristles may be of: shorter length and'yet function as efliciently as those of longer length; the provision of a brush head in which the bristles are supported so that the central bristles are affixed thereto at a point nearer the brush end than are the outer bristles; the provision "of a brush head and a brush handle separate therefrom with all the bristles supported in said brush handle and with the central bristles supported at a point closer to the end than the outer bristles; the provision of a new and improved method of constructing a brush; the provision of an association of a brush head and a brush handle so that the improved balance thereof is attained and the provision of a new and improved brush and of a method of constructing it. a

For the purpose of attaining these objects and such other objects as may hereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention in the drawing wherein Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal cross section taken across the shorter measurement of the brush; 7

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section similar to that of Figure 2 through a modified form of the brush; and V Figure 4 illustrates a step in the production of the brush. 7 7

Before proceeding to describe my invention, I willpremise that I have illustrated in the drawings my invention as embodied in a brush of the type known as a white wash brush, in which the head of the brush i. e. the bristle end is relatively wide and many times longer in one direction than in the other.

Upon viewing Figure 1 of the drawing, it will be observed that my brush comprises the two elements referred to generally by the reference characters 10 and 12, the former forming the handle portion of the brush and the latter the brush head portion. It will be further observed that I have made my handle member 10 wholly separate and distinct from the brush head member, the two being connected by the ferrule 13 to which the two members are fixedly associated. The handle is afiixed to the ferrule in any desired or preferred manner and in the drawing I have illustrated the employment of fastening means such as the nails 14. This manner of' associating the brush handle and the brush head so that the two are structurally independent, is of consider able importance in connection with the charactor of brush head 10 employed by me and of the construction thereof as will appear as this specification is read. In forming the brush head I preferably employ the two relatively rigid members one of which namely the outer member is the ferrule 13 which is shown in Figure 2 is generally oval shaped and gives to the brush head its characteristic shape and dimensions, and the other of which is also a'ferrule 15 which is also made in the form of an oval of considerably smaller dimension than that of the outer ferrule 13 within which it is received. The bristle construction of the brush headas will be observed upon viewing Figure 1 is made of two groups of bristles an outer group 17 and an inner group 18 and as will be further observed the outer group is preferably positioned between the two ferrules 13 and 15 and extend substantially coterminously with the outer ferrule 13 and therefore also takes the shape generally of an ellipse in horizontal section substantially similar to that of the outer ferrule 13. The inner group of bristles 18 are preferably secured within the inner ferrule 15 and may preferably be used in numbers sufliciently numerous to substantially fill this inner ferrule 15 for holding these parts in fixed association, I preferably employ a rubber or other suitable base within which the bristles are vulcanized and as clearly shown in the drawings, the binder 18 is arranged not only to fill the inner ferrule 15 and to serve as a binder for the outer bristles 17 but also fills the outer ferrule 13 completely across immediately above the inner ferrule 15.

Where it is desired to so associate the two groups of bristles so as to space them apart, the upper end of the brush head as shown at 20 in Figure 1, I employ the spacing member 22 of any preferred or desired construction and the function of which is topartly fill the space between the two ferrules.

For still further holding all the parts in fixed association and more particularly for supporting the inner ferrule and the spacing members (when employed) and also the vulcanized mass 18, I use the pins 23 which as will be observed extend throughout the whole head passing completely through the outer ferrule and the inner ferrule and the spacing members as well as the mass.

In the actual practice of my invention I first start with the inner ferrule 15 and vulcanize therewithin the inner mass or group of bristles 18 in any preferred or desired manner thus giving a structure such as that shown in Figure l of the drawing and which forms in itself what is in fact a complete brush head structure. I then associate this brush head construction with the remaining elements namely the outer ferrule 13, the outer group of bristles 17 by the employment of an additional mass of the binding material which is vulcanized in position and so associated as to bind together all the parts to form the structure of Figure 1. I now affix the handle 10 which may be made of any preferred or desired material such as wood and which may be given any desired convenient shape or configuration and which has its lower end so dimensioned as to be received snugly within the upper end of the ferrule 13. This lower end is affixed to the ferrule by means of the fastening men1- bers 14 already described.

lVhile I have illustrated-in that form of drawing shown in Figure 1, the employment of spacing members such as 22 and it will be understood that the broader phases of my invention will be present even though such spacing members are not used and in which the vulcanized mass of material is caused to fill the whole space between the two ferrules and in Figure 3 of the drawing, I show such modified form.

In the specification and claims wherever I i use the term brush head I mean to include the bristle holding portion as distinct from the handle portion which is considered as a distinct element therefrom.

From the description of my invention, it will be observed that I attain the desired objects in the manner set forth and of these is the arrangement whereby I employ a brush head which has a central bristle construction supported wholly and independently of the outer group of bristles the whole brush head being wholly independent of the handle and of the central groups of bristles, these being also supported wholly independently thereof. In this manner I attain a number of important advantages for example the length of the inner bristles can be varied at will.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a brush construction, in combination, a brush head, a brush handle and means connecting the two, the brush head including a plurality of ferrules, arranged one within the other with the inner ferrule projecting beyond the outer ferrule and a plurality of groups of bristles, one group being supported within the inner ferrule," and another group being supported between the ferrules, the bristles of the inner ferrule being shorter than the bristles of the outer ferrule and all the bristles being substantially co-terminous.

2. In a brush construction, in combination, a brush head, comprising a plurality of ferrules, arranged one within the other, the outer ferrules being substantially longer than the inner ones and projecting beyond the same, a group of bristles secured within the inner ferrule, and bristles secured between the inner and outer ferrules, and a handle secured to said outer ferrule, the bristles of the inner ferrule being shorter than the bristles of the outer ferrule and all the bristles being substantially co-terminous.

S. In a brush construction, in combination, a brush head, a brush handle and means connecting the two, the brush head including an outer ferrule and an inner shorter ferrule with its bristle socket projecting beyond the outer ferrule, bristles be- 1ng arranged within the ferrules and means for securing separate groups of bristle within the ferrules.

I. In a brush construction, in combination, a brush head, a brush handle and means connecting the two, the brush head including a plurality of ferrules, arranged one within the other with the inner ferrule projecting beyond the outer ferrule and a plurality of groups of bristles, one group being supported within the inner ferrule, and another group being supported between the ferrules, the bristles of the inner ferrule being shorter than the bristles of the outer ferrule and all the bristles being substantially co-terminous.

5. A brush comprising a handle, a tubular ferrule surrounding one end of the handle and projecting beyond the same to provide a bristle receiving socket, groups of bristles centrally arranged within said socket, an outer and longer group of bristles surrounding the centrally arranged bristle group, the free ends of both bristle groups being coterminous, and a common means retaining both bristle groups in the socket, said retaining means serving to bridle the central group at a point below the plane of anchoring of said outer group whereby to elfect a different bending point between the central and outer bristle groups.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

IVALTER GRUMBAOHER. 

